Value of drug resistance and homology of Acinetobacter baumannii in tracing the source of nosocomial infection in Jianyang, Sichuan / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To analyze the drug sensitivity and the carrying of carbapenem resistant gene of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from clinical patients and clinical objects, and analyze the homology of strains to provide support for the control of nosocomial infection. Methods　A total of 38 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from patients and clinical objects surface were collected from January 2019 to August 2020. The antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by the minimum inhibitory concentration method. In addition, the resistance related genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction method, and homology analysis was performed by enterobacterial repetitive Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR). Results All 34 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Clinical patients and 4 strains isolated from clinical objects carried blaOXA-51 and imp resistance genes, neither of them carried blaVIM gene. 32 Acinetobacter baumannii carrying blaOXA-23 gene, 28 strains carrying blaTEM gene, 7 strains carrying blaOXA-58 gene. After cluster analysis, 38 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were classified into 7 genotypes (expressed A, B, C, D, E, F, G), and cluster E and cluster G were the main clusters, containing 12 strains (12/38, 31.6%) and 18 strains (18/38, 47.4%), respectively, as the main prevalent clonal strains. Conclusions　Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from different sources have the significant differences in drug resistance and carry different resistance genes. There is no direct correlation between patients and environmental isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii belonging to different clonal strains. Also, there aren’t significant correlation between clinical patients infected with Acinetobacter baumannii.

Identification of potential targets and synergistic mechanism of Kushen Decoction for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To explore the potential targets and synergistic mechanisms of Kushen Decoction for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis using network pharmacology and molecular docking methods. Methods The main active ingredients of Kushen Decoction were captured from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TC-MSP) and the Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) database, and the potential targets were predicted. In addition, the active ingredients of Kushen Decoction that were not included in the TCMSP database were retrieved in CNKI, WanFang Data, CBM, PubMed and Web of Science databases, and the target genes of all supplemented active ingredients were predicted using the online TargetNet database. Network construction and analysis were performed using the Cytoscape software, and cryptosporidiosis-related targets were retrieved in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and GeneCards database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created using the STRING database, and the DAVID database was used for GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses. The tissue distribution of key targets was investigated using the BioGPS database, and the AutoDockTools software was employed to verify the molecular docking results. Results A total of 38 active ingredients of Kushen Decoction were screened, and the core ingredients included quercetin, (+)-14α-hydroxymatrine and apigenin. A total of 831 targets of Kushen Decoction and 512 cryptosporidiosis-related targets were predicted, and PPI network analysis revealed 69 key targets, including AKT1, TNF and IL-6. There were 303 biological processes, 46 molecular functions and 29 cellular components involved in the treatment of cryptosporidiosis with Kushen Decoction, and 13 KEGG pathways played a therapeutic role in the synergistic mechanisms of multiple targets, such as Toll-like receptor (TLR), nuclear factor kappa B(NF)-κB, nucleotide binding oligomerization domain like receptor (NLR) signal pathways. The core targets were mainly distributed in the hematologic and immune systems. Molecular docking analysis showed that the binding energy between active ingredients and key targets were all less than 0 kJ/mol, indicating the strong binding of ligands to receptors. Conclusions The active ingredients of Kushen Decoction, such as quercetin, (+)-14α-hydroxymatrine and apigenin, may act on targets like AKT1, TNF, IL-6 to modulate TLR, NLR and NF-κB signaling pathways to play a synergistic role in the treatment of cryptosporidiosis in the hematologic and immune system.

Analysis of related risk factors for the refracture of adjacent vertebral body after percutaneous kyphoplasty / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the risk factors of vertebral refracture after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for osteoprotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs), and to provide reference for clinical prevention.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis of 228 OVCFs patients who met the inclusion criteria admitted from November 6, 2013 to December 14, 2018. There were 35 males and 193 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 3∶20, and aged 58 to 91 years with an average of (69.70±7.03) years. All patients were treated with PKP and had complete clinical data. According to whether refracture occurred after operation, they were divided into refracture group (24 cases) and non refracture group (204 cases). Factors that may be related to refracture (including gender, age, surgical segment, number of vertebral bodies in the surgical segment, whether combined with degenerative scoliosis, whether anti-osteoporosis treatment) were included in the univariate analyses, and the single factor analysis of statistically significant risk factors was carried out with multiple Logistic regression analysis to further clarify the independent risk factors for vertebral body refracture after PKP. Survival analysis was performed using the time of vertebral refracture after PKP as the end time of follow up, the occurrence of refracture after PKP as the endpoint event, and the presence or absence of degenerative lateral curvature as a variable factor.@*RESULTS@#All 228 patients were followed up for 1.8 to 63.6 months with an average of (28.8±15.6) months, and the refracture rate was 10.5%(24/228). There were statistically significant differences between two groups in age, number of operative vertebral bodies, whether combinedwith degenerative scoliosis and whether anti osteoporosis treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#Combined scoliosis is an independent risk factor for refracture after OVCFs vertebroplasty, and it is also a possible high-risk factor for refracture after surgery.

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and surveillance result of host animal on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Zibo City from 2015 to 2018 / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS), the distribution and virus-carrying status of host animals in Zibo City from 2015 to 2018, so as to provide references for prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological study was conducted on the incidence data of HFRS collected in Zibo City from 2015 to 2018. Results A total of 315 cases including one death were reported in Zibo, with the average incidence of 1.69/100000 and the fatality rate of 0.32%. The cases were distributed mainly in Zichuan District and Yiyuan Coutry, which accounting for 67.62%. The main groups of cases were middle-aged and elderly farmers,and people aged 45-69 accounted for 62.86% of total cases. Two peak seasons were observed in spring(March-May) and autumn-winter(October-December). The average rat density and virus-carrying rate were 3.04% and 3.87% respectively rattus norvegicus was the dominant species of rodents in the residential area,while in the field, apodemus agrarius was the dominant species.The virus-carrying rates of rattus norvegicus and apodemus agrarius were 6.48% and 0.75% respectively,which had significant difference in these two group ( 2=6.694,P=0.01). Conclusions The incidence rate of HFRS was declining in Zibo City, while the rat density and the virus-carrying rate were still high in the areas with high incidence, which indicating the outbreak risk of HFRS was existed.It is necessary to strengthen immunization, rodent control and health education in high-endemic areas.

Analysis of inter-species cross-contamination in 160 non-human cell lines / 基础医学与临床

Objective To analyze interspecies cross-contamination of 160 non-human cell lines.Methods One hundred and sixty common non-human cell lines were collected and their species were identified by PCR.For the suspicious cells,chromosome analysis was further used to confirm their species.Results Six in 160 non-human cell lines were cross-contaminated.A rat cell line was mixed by a human cell line,and 5 were totally cross-con-taminated,and were indentified as wrong species.Conclusions Species identification is an indispensable part of cell quality control.Each cell line should undergo a full QA(Quality Assurance)assessment before it is used for research.

Effect of different doses of enoxaparin combined with ticagrelor on clinical events in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome and complex coronary artery lesions after percutaneous coronary intervention / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To explore the safety and efficacy of different doses of enoxaparin combined with ticagrelor after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with non-ST elevation-acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and complex coronary artery lesions and try to find out the best combination dose of enoxaparin. Methods A total of 345 NSTE-ACS patients with complex coronary artery lesions that had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention were recruited in Beijing Anzhen Hospital affi liated to Capital University from March 2015 to October 2016. All patients were treated with aspirin and ticagrelor during the trial and randomly assigned to three groups: no enoxaparin anticoagulation therapy (non-anticoagulation group), half dose of enoxaparin anticoagulation therapy (0.5 mg / kg, half-anticoagulation group) and full dose of enoxaparin anticoagulation therapy (1 mg / kg) (total-anticoagulation group).The primary endpoints were bleeding events during hospitalization and at 12 months after PCI and the secondary endpoints were major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) during hospitalization and at 1, 3 and 12 months after PCI. Results (1) The primary endpoints: The incidences of total bleeding events in patients treated with full dose of enoxaparin were signifi cantly higher than those in the non-anticoagulation group(29.5%vs.13.6%,P=0.005)and the two groups had comparable rates of major bleeding(1.9%vs. 0,P>0.05),but minor bleeding rates were higher in the total-anticoagulation group(27.6% vs.13.6%, P=0.012).There were no significant differences in the incidence of major and minor bleeding events between the half-anticoagulation and the non-anticoagulation groups during hospitalization (all P>0.05). Trend test showed that the incidence of total bleeding and minor bleeding were increased with the increase of the dose of enoxaparin after PCI, and there was a linear correlation between bleeding events and dose of enoxaparin (total bleeding: trend for P=0.005; minor bleeding: trend for P=0.011). (2) The secondary endpoints: there was no signifi cant diff erence in the incidence of perioperative myocardial injury and MACCE at 1 month, 3 months and 12 months post-PCI between three groups (P>0.05).Conclusions For NSTE-ACS patients with complex coronary lesions, the combination of ticagrelor and enoxaparin after PCI did not bring additional benefi ts. Subcutaneous application of full dose of enoxaparin may increase patients' bleeding risk after PCI, while reduced dose of enoxaparin is relatively safe. These results suggest that routine anticoagulation therapy after PCI is not necessary for patients with NSTE-ACS and complex coronary lesions who were treated with ticagrelor. Reduced dose of enoxaparin could be applied subcutaneously post PCI after fully assessing the ischemia and bleeding risk of patients if it is necessary.

Clinical Observation of Grain-sized Moxibustion at Back-Shu Points of Zang-organs for Vascular Cognitive Impairment-no Dementia / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and action mechanism of grain-sized moxibustion at Back-Shu points of Zang-organs in treating vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia (VCIND) due to marrow insufficiency. Method Ninety-two patients with VCIND due to marrow insufficiency were randomized into a grain-sized moxibustion group, an electroacupuncture group and a Western medication group. Since the grain-sized moxibustion group and electroacupuncture group each had 1 dropout case, there were 90 valid recruited cases, 30 in each group. Xinshu (BL15) and Shenshu (BL23) were selected as the major points, with Middle Line of Vertex (MS5), Middle Line of Forehead (MS1), Lateral Line 1 of Vertex (MS8), Zusanli (ST36), Sanyinjiao (SP6), Xuanzhong (GB39) and Taixi (KI3) as the adjunct points. The grain-sized moxibustion group and electroacupuncture group respectively received grain-sized moxibustion and electroacupuncture at Xinshu and Shenshu, and the adjunct points were treated with ordinary acupuncture. The intervention was given once a day, successive 5 d a week, and 4 weeks as a course of treatment, for 2 courses in total. The Western medication group was prescribed with oral administration of Piracetam tablet, 0.4 g per dose, 3 times a day, for successive 8 weeks. The clinical efficacies, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scores, homocysteine (Hcy) and folic acid contents in serum were compared among the three groups after 8 weeks. Result The total effective rate was 86.7% (26/30) in the grain-sized moxibustion group, superior to 63.3% (19/30) in the electroacupuncture group and 36.7% (11/30) in the Western medication group (P<0.05,P<0.01). The MoCA and ADL scores and serum contents of Hcy and folic acid were significantly improved after the treatment in the three groups (P<0.01), and the grain-sized moxibustion group was significantly better than the electroacupuncture group and Western medication group (P<0.05,P<0.01), and the electroacupuncture group and superior to the Western medication group (P<0.05). Conclusion Grain-sized moxibustion at Back-Shu points of Zang-organs can produce significant efficacy in treating VCIND due to marrow insufficiency, and the effect is possibly realized by declining Hcy and increasing folic acid levels in blood.

Diffusion Tensor-Derived Properties of Benign Oligemia, True “at Risk” Penumbra, and Infarct Core during the First Three Hours of Stroke Onset: A Rat Model

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate diffusion tensor (DT) imaging-derived properties of benign oligemia, true “at risk” penumbra (TP), and the infarct core (IC) during the first 3 hours of stroke onset. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the local animal care and use committee. DT imaging data were obtained from 14 rats after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) using a 7T magnetic resonance scanner (Bruker) in room air. Relative cerebral blood flow and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were generated to define oligemia, TP, IC, and normal tissue (NT) every 30 minutes up to 3 hours. Relative fractional anisotropy (rFA), pure anisotropy (rq), diffusion magnitude (rL), ADC (rADC), axial diffusivity (rAD), and radial diffusivity (rRD) values were derived by comparison with the contralateral normal brain. RESULTS: The mean volume of oligemia was 24.7 ± 14.1 mm³, that of TP was 81.3 ± 62.6 mm³, and that of IC was 123.0 ± 85.2 mm³ at 30 minutes after pMCAO. rFA showed an initial paradoxical 10% increase in IC and TP, and declined afterward. The rq, rL, rADC, rAD, and rRD showed an initial discrepant decrease in IC (from −24% to −36%) as compared with TP (from −7% to −13%). Significant differences (p < 0.05) in metrics, except rFA, were found between tissue subtypes in the first 2.5 hours. The rq demonstrated the best overall performance in discriminating TP from IC (accuracy = 92.6%, area under curve = 0.93) and the optimal cutoff value was −33.90%. The metric values for oligemia and NT remained similar at all time points. CONCLUSION: Benign oligemia is small and remains microstructurally normal under pMCAO. TP and IC show a distinct evolution of DT-derived properties within the first 3 hours of stroke onset, and are thus potentially useful in predicting the fate of ischemic brain.

Idiopathic teratozoospermia is not correlated with c.144delC polymorphism in the AURKC gene in Sichuan / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the association of a very common mutation of c.144delC in the aurora kinase C (AURKC) gene with idiopathic teratozoospermia in Chinese infertile men in Sichuan.@*METHODS@#Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and next-generation sequencing, we analyzed the correlation between c.144delC polymorphism of the AURKC gene and male infertility in 98 idiopathic teratozoospermia patients in comparison with 162 normal fertile men.@*RESULTS@#Neither c.144delC mutation nor other meaningful mutations were detected in the AURKC gene in the 98 idiopathic teratozoospermia patients or the 162 normal controls.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Teratozoospermia is not correlated with c.144delC mutation in the AURKC gene in the men of the Sichuan area. Therefore, large-scale genotyping of the AURKC gene may not be necessary clinically among Chinese patients with idiopathic teratozoospermia.

Developing and validating a localised, self-training mindfulness programme for older Singaporean adults: effects on cognitive functioning and implications for healthcare

There is a paucity of research available on the effect of mindfulness on cognitive function. However, the topic has recently gained more attention due to the ageing population in Singapore, catalysed by recent findings on brain function and cellular ageing. Recognising the potential benefits of practising mindfulness, we aimed to develop a localised, self-training mindfulness programme, guided by expert practitioners and usability testing, for older Singaporean adults. This was followed by a pilot study to examine the potential cognitive benefits and feasibility of this self-training programme for the cognitive function of older adults in Singapore. We found that the results from the pilot study were suggestive but inconclusive, and thus, merit further investigation.

Efficacy of Jian'ganle () versus Hugan Pian (), glucuronolactone and reduced glutathione in prevention of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Evidence-based medicine is advocated by WHO and adopted by developed countries for many years. In China, however, the selection of essential medicine and various medical insurance reimbursement schemes medicine is usually based on experts' experience of prescription practice which is under heavy critics resulting from the lack of related comparative efficacy and evidence-based research. The efficacy of Jian'ganle in prevention of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by antituberculotics was evaluated in this study by comparison with Hugan Pian, glucuronolactone and reduced glutathione. Evidence was provided for relevant sectors such as Ministry for Human Resources and Social Security of the People's Republic of China and National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China to select and renew the Essential Medicine List (EML), the new rural cooperative medical scheme in China (NRCMS) list or the reimbursement list of industrial injury insurance. A total of 189 patients with initial pulmonary tuberculosis were divided into four groups who took antituberculotics combined with Jian'ganle, Hugan Pian, glucuronolactone and reduced glutathione respectively. Their liver function profile including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), total protein (TP), albumin (A) and globulin (G) were detected at admission as baseline and after treatment. The Jian'ganle group was compared with the three others by chi-square tests. In an aspect of maintaining bilirubin indexes normal, Jian'ganle was more efficacious than glucuronolactone. And Jian'ganle had a little more efficacy than reduced glutathione to maintain protein indexes normal as well. And the therapeutic regimen of antituberculotics combined with Jian'ganle was the best in treating tuberculosis and preventing DILI at the same time. The study showed that among the four hepatinicas which demonstrated similar prevention of DILI caused by antituberculotics, Jian'ganle has more advantages over the three others to some extent, which provides a reliable basis for health sectors to select and renew the EML, NRCMS List or the reimbursement list of industrial injury insurance.

Study on pulmonary function changes in infants with human bocavirus or mycoplasma pneumonia / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To discuss the pulmonary function change in infants with human bocavirus (HBoV) pneumonia or mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) and its clinical signiifcance. Methods One hundred and forty infants under 3 years old who were admitted due to pulmonary infection were recruited from January, 2013 to October, 2013. Among them, HBoV-DNA was detected in 64 cases, and MP-DNA was detected in 76 cases. Thirty eight normal age-matched infants were selected as controls. The shape of tidal breathing lfow-volume loops (TBFVLs) and change of every index were measured with a Pulmonary Testing System (Jaeger MasterScope). Results The ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory lfow (PTEF) to total expiratory time (TPTEF/TE), the ratio of VPTEF to expiratory volume (VPTEF/VE), tidal expiratory lfow at 25%of the remaining tidal volume (TEF25%) and the ratio of TEF25%to PTEF (25/PF) were signiifcantly decreased in infants with HBoV and MP infection as compared with healthy infants (P0.05). The shape of TBFVLs in infants with HBoV and MP pneumonia was changed and characterized by left-shifted PTEF and trough-like concave in descending limb. The PTEF was decreased in infants with pulmonary infection. Conclusions HBoV or MP infection results in impaired pulmonary function with manifestations of obstruction in small airway. The shape of TBFVLs in infants with HBoV and MP pneumonia is characterized by left-shifted PTEF and trough-like concave in descending limb.

Efficacy of Jian'ganle () versus Hugan Pian (), glucuronolactone and reduced glutathione in prevention of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Evidence-based medicine is advocated by WHO and adopted by developed countries for many years. In China, however, the selection of essential medicine and various medical insurance reimbursement schemes medicine is usually based on experts' experience of prescription practice which is under heavy critics resulting from the lack of related comparative efficacy and evidence-based research. The efficacy of Jian'ganle in prevention of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by antituberculotics was evaluated in this study by comparison with Hugan Pian, glucuronolactone and reduced glutathione. Evidence was provided for relevant sectors such as Ministry for Human Resources and Social Security of the People's Republic of China and National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China to select and renew the Essential Medicine List (EML), the new rural cooperative medical scheme in China (NRCMS) list or the reimbursement list of industrial injury insurance. A total of 189 patients with initial pulmonary tuberculosis were divided into four groups who took antituberculotics combined with Jian'ganle, Hugan Pian, glucuronolactone and reduced glutathione respectively. Their liver function profile including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), total protein (TP), albumin (A) and globulin (G) were detected at admission as baseline and after treatment. The Jian'ganle group was compared with the three others by chi-square tests. In an aspect of maintaining bilirubin indexes normal, Jian'ganle was more efficacious than glucuronolactone. And Jian'ganle had a little more efficacy than reduced glutathione to maintain protein indexes normal as well. And the therapeutic regimen of antituberculotics combined with Jian'ganle was the best in treating tuberculosis and preventing DILI at the same time. The study showed that among the four hepatinicas which demonstrated similar prevention of DILI caused by antituberculotics, Jian'ganle has more advantages over the three others to some extent, which provides a reliable basis for health sectors to select and renew the EML, NRCMS List or the reimbursement list of industrial injury insurance.

Utilization of high-resolution melting analysis to screen patients with neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the feasibility of high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis for screening patients with neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on previous studies on SLC25A13 gene in Chinese patients with NICCD, four hotspot mutations (851del4, 1638ins23, IVS6+5G>A and IVS16ins3kb) were selected. Results of the HRM analysis was validated using 50 negative controls and 20 patients with NICCD whose genotypes were confirmed previously by direct sequencing. With the established protocol, 171 suspected patients were enrolled. Samples with abnormal melting curves were further validated by DNA sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HRM analysis can accurately determine the genotypes of all negative controls and patients. The sensitivity and specificity of the technique reached 100% (70/70). The melting curves of samples with the same genotype were highly reproducible. In 171 suspected patients, seven NICCD patients were detected by HRM. Identified mutations have included one case of 851del4 homozygote, one case of IVS6+5G>A heterozygote, 3 cases of 851del4 heterozygotes, one case of [IVS6+5G>A]+[ 851del4] and one case of [1638ins23+IVS16ins3kb]+[1638ins23]. All mutations were subsequently confirmed by DNA sequencing.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HRM analysis is a convenient, high-throughput and rapid technique for the screening of NICCD patients.</p>

A novel severe aplastic anemia mouse model induced by IFN-γ plus busulphan / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a novel severe aplastic anemia (SAA) mouse model by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) plus busulphan.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty clean-class BALB/c female mice were intraperitoneally injected with IFN-γ and intragastrically administrated with busulphan (group I), meanwhile busulphan alone group (n = 30, group II) and normal control group (n = 30, group III). Multi-parameters were compared among the three groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In group I at day 10 after treatment, the incidence of SAA was 100% and mortality 20% respectively; the WBC, HGB, PLT, absolute reticulocyte count (Ret) and tibial nucleated cell count (TNCC) were (0.8 ± 0.3) × 10(9)/L, (45 ± 20) g/L, (10 ± 8) × 10(9)/L, (15.2 ± 10.2) × 10(9)/L, (12 ± 7) × 10(6)/tibia, respectively, which were significantly different from the other two groups (all P < 0.05). The bone marrow smears and patho-histological examinations showed marked reductions of marrow cell proliferation, and increases of the percentages of non-hematopoietic cells and cellular adipose. The depression was severe and irreversible. In group II, the blood cells count, TNCC and marrow proliferation recovered gradually with erythroid hyperplasia and hematopoietic dysplasia.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IFN-γ plus busulphan can establish a SAA mouse model in a relatively short period, which is more resemble with human SAA.</p>

Clinical analysis of 68 cases of childhood dilated cardiomyopathy / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the ECG features in children with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and related factors for the occurrence of arrhythmia secondary to DCM.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data from 68 children with DCM from January 1998 to March 2011 were studied. The children were classified into three groups: severe arrhythmia (n=42), non-severe arrhythmia (n=20) and non-arrhythmia (n=6). Left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVED), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Abnormal ECG results were found in all of the 68 children with DCM. Sinus tachycardia (91%) and ectopic pulsatile (86%) were common. LVED in the severe arrhythmia group (74±6 mm) was greater than that in the non-severe arrhythmia group (65±4 mm; P<0.05) and non-arrhythmia group (61±3 mm; P<0.05). LVED in the non-severe arrhythmia group was also greater than that in the non-arrhythmia group (P<0.05). LVEF and LVFS in the severe arrhythmia group were (30±11)% and (22±4)%, respectively, which were lower than those in the non-severe arrhythmia group［(37±12)% and (28±5)%, respectively］and non-arrhythmia group［(45±9)% and (34±7)%, respectively］(P<0.05). There were also significant differences in the LVEF and LVFS between the non-severe arrhythmia and non-arrhythmia groups (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The common abnormal ECG findings are sinus tachycardia and ectopic pulsatile in children with DCM. Arrhythmia is one of the main clinical manifestations of DCM. The occurrence of arrhythmia is associated with the left ventricular size and heart function.</p>

Effectiveness of inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine for primary vaccination / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the immunological effectiveness of inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV) for children's primary vaccination in China and to compare with the oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV) used in routine vaccination.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 2-month-old children were randomly immunized with IPV and OPV, with 208 subjects in each group. The pre- and post-vaccination blood samples were collected. Micro-neutralization method was used to measure the antibody response against 3 types of polioviruses. chi2 test was used to evaluate the statistical difference of protection rates between two groups, while the antibody titers were transformed by logarithm and analyzed by Z-test. P < 0.05 was always used to define the significance of analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 3 doses of immunization, the protection rates in IPV group reached to 100.0% (186/186), 97.3% (181/186), 98.9% (184/186) for poliovirus type 1, 2, 3, respectively, and in OPV group were 97.4% (188/193), 100.0% (193/193), 95.3% (184/193), respectively. The geometry mean titers (GMTs) were 151.2, 86.7, 211.3 for IPV group; and 1089.5, 538.2, 203.7 for OPV group. IPV showed comparable protection rates with OPV for type 1 and 2 (chi2(I) = 2.991, P = 0.084; chi2(II) = 3.512, P = 0.061), while type 3 was higher than OPV (chi2(III) = 4.143, P = 0.042). The GMT of type 1 and 2 in IPV group were lower than OPV group (Z(I) = 12.537, P = 0.000; Z(II) = 13.415, P = 0.000), while the GMT of type 3 were comparable in two groups (Z(III) = 0.067, P = 0.947).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IPV showed roughly comparable immunological effectiveness in young children. The protection rates for type 1 and 2 were similar to OPV, while type 3 was higher than in OPV group; In terms of GMT,type 1 and 2 in IPV group were lower than OPV, but type 3 were comparable to OPV group.</p>

Application of 16-slice spiral CT angiography in aortic dissection / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the value of 16-slice spiral CT angiography in the diagnosis of aortic dissection (AD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty patients with AD underwent 16-slice spiral CT angiography with multi-planar reformation (MPR), curved planar reformation (CPR), maximum intensity projection (MIP), volume rendering (VR) and CT virtual endoscopy (CTVE). All the original and reconstructed images were studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The original transverse axial images most reliably preserved the fundamental information. The reconstructed images gave better performance in displaying the spatial relation between the blood vessels and the lesions. Images obtained by different reconstruction methods had different characteristics, and combining different display modes allowed clear representation of the features of aortic dissection such as the extension of the lesion, true and false cavity, disrepair of the intimal flap, aortal branch involvement, thrombi and outcome of endoluminal stenting.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Multislice spiral CT angiography can fully display the details of aortic dissection and is therefore of important value for the diagnosis and preoperative and postoperative evaluations.</p>

HLA-DM gene polymorphism in Cantonese with condyloma acuminata / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the polymorphism of HLA-DM gene in Cantonese patients with condyloma acuminata(CA) and determine the susceptible genetic factors of CA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DMA and DMB typing was performed in 98 Cantonese patients with CA and 93 healthy controls using restriction fragment length polymorphism method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The gene frequencies of DMA*0101 and DMB*0101 were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively), and gene frequency of DMA*0102 was lower in patients than in the controls (P<0.01). Genotype frequencies of HLA-DM showed no significant difference between CA patients and the controls (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DMA*0101 and DMB*0101 alleles may be the susceptibility genes or closely linked to the susceptibility gene in Cantonese patients with CA.</p>

Influence of clinical and pathomorphological parameters on prognosis in colon carcinoma and rectal carcinoma / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of clinical and pathomorphological parameters on the prognosis of colon carcinoma and rectal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Univariate and multivariate COX proportional hazard models were used to study the effects of the clinical and pathomorphological factors on the prognosis in 101 cases of colon carcinoma, 219 of rectal carcinoma and 137 of rectal carcinoma under curative resections.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>By using univariate analysis, we identified that lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were the common prognostic factors for both colon carcinoma and rectal carcinoma. Smoking, deep infiltration, chemotherapy and serum albumin concentration were the uncertain prognostic factors for colon carcinoma. Signet-ring cell carcinoma, larger tumor size (>6 cm), deep infiltration, lack of radical surgery, and advanced TNM stage were the exclusive adverse prognostic factors for rectal carcinoma. Further studies showed that the adverse prognostic factors for the rectal carcinoma under curative resection included deep infiltration, lymph node metastasis, vessel invasion, less of peritumoral lymphocyte infiltration, lack of Crohn's like reactivity, high level of tumor budding, advanced TNM stage and positive urine glucose. By using multivariate analysis based on a COX proportional hazard model, it was identified that smoking, lymph node metastasis and serum albumin concentration were independent prognostic factors for colon carcinoma; advanced TNM stage, distant metastasis and palliative surgery for rectal carcinoma; and vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and urine glucose for rectal carcinoma under curative resections.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The various clinical and pathomorphological parameters show different prognostic value for colon carcinoma, rectal carcinoma and rectal carcinoma under curative resections.</p>